What is the primary function of surface electrodes in nerve conduction studies?

The primary function of surface electrodes in nerve conduction studies is to detect electrical activity in nearby nerves or muscles. These electrodes are placed on the skin's surface to pick up the electrical signals generated by nerve and muscle activity. When a nerve is stimulated, it produces an action potential, which travels along the nerve fiber. Surface electrodes are effectively positioned to capture these signals as they propagate, allowing clinicians to assess the integrity and functionality of the nerve pathway.

By analyzing the electrical activity detected by these electrodes, healthcare professionals can identify abnormalities in nerve conduction, which can help in diagnosing various neurological conditions. This non-invasive method serves as a critical tool in both clinical and research settings, providing insights into nerve health and performance without the need for surgical intervention.

The other functions mentioned, such as delivering electrical stimulation or measuring muscle response directly, do not align with the primary purpose of surface electrodes, as those tasks are typically associated with other types of electrodes or methods in nerve conduction studies.