Which nerve innervates the posterior thigh and leg muscles, plantar foot muscles, and skin of the sole of the foot?

The tibial nerve is the correct choice because it is responsible for innervating several critical areas and muscle groups in the lower extremity. This nerve branches from the sciatic nerve and plays a vital role in motor function.

It innervates the posterior muscles of the thigh, which are primarily involved in actions like hip extension and knee flexion. Additionally, the tibial nerve continues into the leg, where it innervates muscles that are responsible for plantar flexion and toe flexion, enabling movement such as standing on tiptoes or pushing off the ground.

Furthermore, the tibial nerve also provides sensory innervation to the skin of the sole of the foot. This sensory function is crucial for proprioception and sensation in that area, contributing to balance and coordination while walking or standing.

In summary, the tibial nerve is essential for both motor activity in the posterior compartment of the thigh and leg, as well as sensory perception in the plantar foot region.