Which structure is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

In carpal tunnel syndrome, the median nerve is the structure that becomes compressed. This condition occurs when the median nerve, which runs through the carpal tunnel in the wrist, is subjected to increased pressure, often due to inflammation or swelling of the surrounding tissues. The median nerve is responsible for motor and sensory functions in parts of the hand, particularly in the thumb, index, middle, and half of the ring finger.

Compression of the median nerve can lead to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected fingers or hand, significantly impacting daily activities. The anatomy of the wrist includes several structures, but the median nerve is the primary structure affected in carpal tunnel syndrome, distinguishing it from other nerves or blood vessels that may not be involved in this specific condition.